Similar results were found when testing lesion recognition in a group of untrained observers. Simulated lesions were perceived as biased towards the those seen in the previous 1 or 2 radiographs. We found that serial dependence affected radiologists’ recognition of simulated lesions perception on an average trial was pulled 13% toward the 1-back stimulus. Here, we tested whether serial dependence impacts radiologists’ recognition of simulated lesions embedded in actual radiographs. However, recent studies have shown that human perception is biased by previously seen stimuli the bias in our visual system to misperceive current stimuli towards previous stimuli is called serial dependence. A main underlying assumption in radiological screening is that visual search on a current radiograph occurs independently of previously seen radiographs. Even though they are trained experts, radiologists’ human search engines are not perfect: average daily error rates are estimated around 3–5%. In radiological screening, clinicians scan myriads of radiographs with the intent of recognizing and differentiating lesions.
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